Cameo and mosaic

VISALAKSHI RAMANI

Cameo is a special form of art in which the engraved figure stands out on a contrasting background. The design or motif is engraved in relief on a gem, a stone or a shell - especially on one with layers of different hues. It is cut so artfully that the raised motif is in one colour and the background in another colour.

Chalcedony, Onyx and shells form the most suitable materials for this art. Finished cameos are often set on brooches.

The most favourite subjects are portraits of emperors, kings and princes. Scenes from mythology are also used as the themes in eloborately done cameos. Cameowares are priced possessions of the collectors. Cameos are seen on medallions too.

Mosaic is another form of art where two or more colours are used to create vivid pictures. Several small pieces of coloured glass, stones, tiles are fixed in mortar. This form of art was the invention of the Mediterranian people and flourished between 300 and 31 B.C.

In the Roman period or during the first five centuries of the Christian Era, mosaics of great beauty and verity were designed all over the empire, spreading from Syria to Spain and from Africa to Britain. The most brilliant mosaics in the world adorn the walls and ceilings of the sacred buildings in Rome, Ravenna and Salonika. Mosaics of the pre- Christian era are mostly found laid on the floor.

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